How is overdose treated?

The treatment of barbiturate abuse or overdose is generally supportive. The amount of support required depends on the person's symptoms. If the patient is drowsy but awake and can swallow and breathe without difficulty, the treatment can be as simple as monitoring the patient closely. If the patient is not breathing, it may involve mechanical ventilation until the drug has worn off.

Supportive treatment often includes the following:

• Activated charcoal may be given via nasogastric tube.

• Intravenous administration of saline, naloxone, thiamine, and/or glucose.

• NaHCO3 to alkalize the urine to increase rate of excretion

• Observation in the Emergency Department for a number of hours or admission to the hospital for several days of observation symptoms are severe.

• Advise the patient about drug misuse or refer for psychiatric consult.