What factors led to the partition of India What kind of states emerged?

The partition of India in 1947 was primarily driven by religious tensions between Hindus and Muslims, with the latter seeking a separate nation to ensure their political and cultural rights, which culminated in the demand for Pakistan by the All-India Muslim League. Additionally, the decline of British colonial power and the pressures of the Indian independence movement accelerated the need for a resolution. The partition resulted in the emergence of two distinct states: India, a secular nation with a Hindu majority, and Pakistan, created as an Islamic state. This division led to significant communal violence, mass migrations, and lasting geopolitical tensions in the region.