What is mechanisms of affecting normal flora?

Mechanisms affecting normal flora include changes in pH levels, availability of nutrients, and the presence of antimicrobial substances. Antibiotics can disrupt the balance of microbial populations, leading to overgrowth of pathogenic species. Environmental factors, such as diet and hygiene practices, also play a role in shaping the composition of normal flora. Additionally, stress and illness can alter the immune response, indirectly influencing the stability and diversity of these microbial communities.