In the Earth's mantle a cycle occurs where cool dense material sinks and warm buoyant material rises. This process which is closely related to tectonic plate motion is?

called mantle convection. In this process, cooler, denser material from the upper mantle sinks towards the core, while warmer, less dense material rises to the surface. This cyclical movement drives the movement of tectonic plates, leading to geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges. Mantle convection is a key component of the Earth's internal dynamics and contributes to the planet's ongoing geological evolution.