What are the 4 basic sculpture techniques?

The four basic sculpture techniques are carving, modeling, casting, and assembling. Carving involves removing material from a solid block, typically stone or wood, to create a form. Modeling is the process of shaping a malleable material, like clay, by hand. Casting involves pouring liquid material, such as metal or plaster, into a mold to create a sculpture, while assembling entails combining various materials or found objects to form a cohesive piece.