What does each base represent?

In the context of DNA and RNA, each base represents a specific nucleotide that encodes genetic information. The four bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G), while RNA contains uracil (U) instead of thymine. These bases pair in specific ways—adenine with thymine (or uracil in RNA) and cytosine with guanine—forming the rungs of the helical structure, which ultimately determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins. The order of these bases is crucial for the synthesis of proteins and the overall functioning of living organisms.