After the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991, fifteen independent countries emerged, including Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania). These nations formed various regional organizations, with some, like the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), aimed at fostering cooperation among former Soviet republics. The breakup also marked a significant geopolitical shift, leading to the expansion of NATO and the European Union into Eastern Europe. Additionally, it resulted in various political, economic, and social challenges for the newly independent states.
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