How is electricity transmitted in cables?

Electricity is transmitted in cables through the flow of electric current, which is carried by conductive materials, typically copper or aluminum. The cables are insulated to prevent energy loss and protect against electrical hazards. High-voltage transmission is often used to minimize energy loss over long distances, with step-up Transformers increasing voltage at the source and step-down transformers reducing it for local distribution. This efficient system allows electricity to travel from power plants to homes and businesses.