Before Shah Abbas I took control, the Safavid Empire faced significant challenges, including internal strife, weak leadership, and external threats from the Ottomans and Uzbeks. The empire was characterized by political instability, economic decline, and a lack of centralized authority. Additionally, sectarian conflicts between Sunni and Shia Muslims further weakened the state's cohesion. Abbas's rise to power marked a turning point, as he implemented reforms that revitalized the empire and strengthened its military and administrative structures.
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