What caused the extinction of the Caribs and the Arawak?

The extinction of the Caribs and the Arawak peoples was primarily caused by European colonization in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. This led to the introduction of diseases such as smallpox, for which the indigenous populations had no immunity, resulting in significant population declines. Additionally, violent conflicts, forced labor, and displacement due to colonization further decimated their communities. Over time, these factors combined to severely diminish their numbers and cultural presence.