Will the computer and injectors from a Chevy 305 work on a Chevy 350 engine?

yes, they will but because of the larger displacement of the 350 its going to go lean. If you are using a multiport injection system the 305 utilized 19lb/hr injectors where as the 350's used 22lb/hr injectors. If you change out the injectors you also have to make adjustments in the computer to match. You might be able to get away with bumping the fuel pressure up to get a little more out of the 19lb/hr injectors. But it is still not a good idea.