During the Paleolithic era, which lasted from approximately 2.6 million years ago to around 10,000 BCE, the environment was characterized by diverse ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, and tundras. The climate fluctuated significantly, with cycles of glacial and interglacial periods, leading to varied habitats that supported a wide range of flora and fauna. Early humans adapted to these environments as hunter-gatherers, relying on the availability of wild animals and plants for sustenance. The landscape was often shaped by natural events, such as volcanic eruptions and changes in sea levels, which influenced human migration and settlement patterns.
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