What are the 8 maritime conventions by the existing rules?

The eight key maritime conventions include the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), the International Convention on Load Lines (LL), the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR), the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC), and the Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea (PAL). These conventions collectively establish safety, environmental protection, and liability standards in maritime operations.