What was a major factor of europeans starting to rely on africans rather than American indiggenuos peoples for labor on plantations?

A major factor in Europeans shifting their reliance from Indigenous peoples of the Americas to Africans for labor on plantations was the devastating impact of diseases like smallpox, which significantly reduced the Indigenous population. Additionally, the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade provided a more reliable and controllable labor force, as Africans were forcibly transported and enslaved in large numbers. This shift also aligned with European economic interests, as African labor was viewed as more profitable for the demanding agricultural production in the New World.