How is near an adverb?

The Word near (meaning nearby or closer) by itself is an adverb, although it doesn't specify "near what." If a noun follows, near is a preposition. It can also be an adjective or verb.

Examples:

"The boat came near." (adverb)

"A bullet hit near the car." (preposition)

"The end is near." (adjective)

"By tomorrow, we will near our destination." (verb)