What are the advantages of denormalization?

Denormalization can improve database performance by reducing the need for complex joins, which can speed up query response times. It simplifies data retrieval by consolidating related information into fewer tables, making it easier for applications to access the data they need. Additionally, denormalization can enhance read-heavy workloads, as it often results in fewer disk I/O operations. However, it may lead to data redundancy and increased complexity in ensuring data consistency.