Mitochondria are double-membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells, often referred to as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell, through aerobic respiration. They have their own circular DNA and ribosomes, allowing them to produce some of their own proteins. Mitochondria are also involved in various metabolic processes, including the regulation of the cell cycle and cell growth, as well as apoptosis (programmed cell death). Their structure includes an outer membrane, an inner membrane folded into cristae, and a central matrix containing enzymes and mitochondrial DNA.
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