Explain the material cutting characteristics and process considerations to be taken into account when cutting materials?

When cutting materials, key characteristics include the material's hardness, ductility, and thermal conductivity, which influence the choice of cutting tools and techniques. The cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut must be optimized to prevent tool wear and ensure a clean cut. Additionally, considerations such as heat generation, material deformation, and surface finish quality play critical roles in the cutting process. Proper coolant application and tool geometry are also essential to enhance efficiency and prolong tool life.