Which animals can't read in animal farm?

In George Orwell's "Animal Farm," the animals that cannot read are primarily the sheep and other less intelligent animals, such as the hens and pigs. While the pigs, particularly Napoleon and Snowball, learn to read and write to manipulate the principles of Animalism, the other animals rely on them for information. The inability to read leaves many animals vulnerable to exploitation and deception by the pigs, highlighting the theme of power and knowledge in the narrative.