What are the best methods for deterring cats from certain areas, such as using cat air spray?

There are several effective methods for deterring cats from certain areas, such as using cat air spray, citrus scents, or motion-activated devices. These methods work by creating unpleasant or startling sensations for the cats, encouraging them to avoid the area. It's important to use these deterrents consistently and in combination with other strategies, such as providing alternative scratching posts or play areas for the cats.