What are small 12th ribs?

Small 12th ribs, also known as "floating ribs," are the last pair of ribs in the human ribcage, typically not directly connected to the sternum. They are shorter than other ribs and only attach to the vertebrae at the back, providing minimal protection to the organs in the lower back. Their reduced size and lack of anterior attachment contribute to their flexibility and are thought to allow for greater movement of the torso. In some individuals, these ribs may be even smaller or absent altogether.