What is the narration in which the point of view is inside the story from a character's vantage point?

Ok - the opposite of what you are asking is called the omniscient, a narrator that has a God-like perspective and is detached from the 'action' of the story. There is no term for 'everything else' other than this. The 'realm' is to broad to have a single term attached to it and is sub-divided into more specific terms.