Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene and typically occurs in families with a hereditary predisposition. It is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning both parents must be carriers of the mutated gene for their child to be affected. The frequency of CF varies by ethnicity; it is most common among individuals of Northern European descent. In families with a history of CF, the likelihood of it appearing in future generations increases, but in the general population, it occurs in about 1 in 3,500 live births.
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