Why does high sugar levels damage the kidneys?

High sugar levels can damage the kidneys by causing increased blood glucose, which leads to high levels of glucose in the urine. This process can result in osmotic diuresis, where excess glucose draws water into the urine, leading to dehydration and kidney stress. Additionally, elevated blood sugar can cause damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste effectively and potentially leading to diabetic nephropathy. Over time, this damage can result in kidney failure if not managed properly.