Which Mesopotamian group was the first to use the arch and the wheel?

The Sumerians, one of the earliest Mesopotamian civilizations, were the first to use both the arch and the wheel. They developed these innovations around 3500 BCE, significantly advancing construction techniques and transportation. The arch allowed for stronger and more durable structures, while the wheel revolutionized movement and trade. These inventions played a crucial role in the development of Sumerian society and influenced subsequent civilizations in the region.