What two nineteenth century prison system and why?

Two 19th-century prison systems include the Auburn system (also known as the "silent system" or "Congregate System") and the Pennsylvania system (also known as the "separate system" or "solitary confinement"). The Auburn system emphasized congregate work during the day while the Pennsylvania system focused on isolating inmates in individual cells at all times. These approaches were developed to instill discipline and foster rehabilitation through different means of controlling and monitoring prisoners.