What are some examples of recess appointment?

Recess appointments occur when a president fills a vacancy while the Senate is not in session. Notable examples include President Barack Obama's appointment of Richard Cordray as the first director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau in 2012 and President George W. Bush's appointment of Charles Pickering to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in 2004. Another significant instance is President Franklin D. Roosevelt's recess appointment of William O. Douglas to the Supreme Court in 1939. These appointments are often controversial and can lead to legal challenges regarding their validity.