What is a lambda ratio inpetrol fuel engines?

The lambda ratio in petrol fuel engines is a measure of the air-fuel mixture's stoichiometry, indicating how much air is present compared to the ideal amount needed for complete combustion of the fuel. A lambda value of 1 (λ = 1) signifies a perfect stoichiometric ratio, where all fuel is burned efficiently. Values greater than 1 indicate a lean mixture (more air than needed), while values less than 1 indicate a rich mixture (more fuel than needed). Maintaining the correct lambda ratio is crucial for optimizing engine performance, reducing emissions, and improving fuel efficiency.