Which sequence shows the historical development of 19th century European colonial power?

The historical development of 19th-century European colonial power can be traced through several key phases: the initial wave of exploration and conquest in the early 1800s, marked by the expansion of empires such as Britain, France, and Belgium; the establishment of formal colonial administrations during the mid-century, particularly after the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885; and the intensification of imperial competition and the Scramble for Africa toward the end of the century, leading to rapid territorial acquisitions. This period was characterized by industrialization, nationalism, and the belief in European superiority, which justified the colonization of large parts of Asia, Africa, and the Pacific.