In a typical energy transfer through an ecosystem, only about 10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next due to losses from metabolism, heat, and waste. If primary producers store 1000 units of energy, the primary consumers would receive approximately 100 units, secondary consumers would receive about 10 units, and tertiary consumers would receive around 1 unit. Therefore, by the time you reach the tertiary consumer level, about 999 units of energy would have been lost.
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