How would al-Qaeda have been affected if the taliban had not supported it?

If the Taliban had not supported al-Qaeda, the group likely would have faced significant operational challenges, including reduced access to training, funding, and safe havens in Afghanistan. This lack of support could have hindered al-Qaeda's ability to plan and execute attacks, potentially limiting its growth and influence. Without the Taliban's protection, al-Qaeda might have struggled to maintain its cohesion and leadership structure, possibly leading to its decline or fragmentation. Overall, the absence of Taliban support would have significantly altered the trajectory of al-Qaeda's activities and its role in global terrorism.