How did Mesopotamians use a division of labor to make their society more productive?

Mesopotamians utilized a division of labor by assigning specific roles to individuals based on skills and expertise, which enhanced overall productivity. Farmers specialized in agriculture, artisans focused on crafts, and merchants engaged in trade, allowing each group to become more efficient in their tasks. This specialization fostered innovation and increased output, as individuals could develop their skills and tools more effectively. Ultimately, this structured approach contributed to the growth of cities and complex social systems in ancient Mesopotamia.