What are the risk factors of valvular heart disease?

Valvular Heart disease (VHD) risk factors include:

Age: Higher risk with age.

Rheumatic Fever: Leads to rheumatic heart disease affecting valves.

Congenital Defects: Abnormalities like a bicuspid aortic valve.

Infections: Endocarditis damages valves.

Hypertension: High blood pressure strains the heart and valves.

High Cholesterol: Plaque buildup affects valve health.

Smoking: Contributes to heart valve damage.

Diabetes: Increases risk due to blood vessel impact.

Heart Attack History: Damaged heart tissue affects valve function.

Radiation Therapy: Increases risk of valve issues.

Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like lupus or rheumatoid Arthritis.

Connective Tissue Disorders: Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndromes impact valves.