What was the name of the first ruling dynasty in the Islamic civilization?

The first ruling dynasty in Islamic civilization was the Umayyad Caliphate. Established in 661 CE following the death of Ali, the fourth caliph, the Umayyads expanded the caliphate significantly, stretching from Spain in the west to India in the east. Their capital was initially in Damascus, and they played a crucial role in the spread of Islam and the Arabic language. The Umayyad dynasty lasted until 750 CE, when it was overthrown by the Abbasids.