How does a crumple zone reduce injuries in a crash?

A crumple zone is designed to absorb and dissipate the energy generated during a collision, thereby reducing the force transmitted to the occupants of the vehicle. By intentionally deforming upon impact, these zones extend the time over which the crash occurs, slowing the deceleration experienced by passengers. This design helps to minimize injuries by lowering the risk of severe impact forces on the body. Overall, crumple zones enhance vehicle safety by improving the effectiveness of seatbelts and airbags.