Who was the first bad guy batman fought?

Lewis Wilson play Batman in the first Batma n serial movie in 1933. Then Robert Lowery in 1939 in Batman and Robin : Relentless Crusaders for Justice!

it was the year 1943 in which Lewis Wilson frist played the role of Batman in the first 15 serials. and 1949 in which Robert lowery played Batman in the second set of 15 serials.

Unless you're talking purely about the comics continuity, in which case there's a sort of trick answer. Bruce Wayne's father, Thomas Wayne, dressed up like a "Bat-Man" for a costume party when Bruce was a little boy (he still has the costume), but Bruce himself was the first person to use a Batman persona to fight crime. When Bane broke Batman's back, Azreal breifly was Batman.