How a bill of quantities is used at the pre contract stage?

A bill of quantities (BoQ) is a document that itemizes and quantifies the materials, labor, and costs associated with a construction project. At the pre-contract stage, it serves as a critical tool for contractors to prepare accurate bids, allowing for clear comparisons between proposals. Additionally, the BoQ helps project owners understand the scope of work and associated costs, facilitating informed decision-making and budget allocation. Ultimately, it promotes transparency and minimizes disputes during the tendering process.