What is working principal of startor motor?

A starter motor operates by converting electrical energy from the vehicle's battery into mechanical energy to initiate the engine's operation. When the ignition key is turned, the battery sends current to the starter motor, which engages a solenoid that pushes a pinion gear to mesh with the engine's flywheel. The motor then spins, turning the flywheel and, consequently, the engine's crankshaft, allowing the engine to start. Once the engine is running, the starter motor disengages to prevent damage.