How does a musical concept dynamics covers only the overall loudness or softness of a piece of music?

Dynamics in music refer to the variations in loudness and softness, indicating how intensely or softly a piece is played. This concept encompasses a range of gradations, from very soft (pianissimo) to very loud (fortissimo), influencing the emotional expression and impact of the music. While dynamics primarily address volume levels, they also interact with other musical elements, such as tempo and articulation, to enhance the overall experience. Ultimately, dynamics serve as a crucial tool for composers and performers to convey meaning and evoke feelings in their audience.