What is cooperative games?

Cooperative games are a type of game theory where players can benefit from forming coalitions and working together to achieve better outcomes than they would individually. The focus is on how groups of players can collaborate, share resources, and strategize to maximize their collective payoffs. Unlike non-cooperative games, where players act independently, cooperative games emphasize the importance of collaboration and the distribution of benefits among participants. The analysis often involves concepts such as the core, Shapley value, and Nash bargaining solution to evaluate fair allocation of gains.