Why is the sahel dry?

The Sahel is dry primarily due to its geographical location, situated between the Sahara Desert to the north and the more humid regions of West Africa to the south. This semi-arid zone experiences a distinct climate characterized by limited rainfall, primarily influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which shifts seasonally. Additionally, factors such as deforestation, land degradation, and climate change exacerbate the dryness, leading to increased desertification and water scarcity in the region.