What did chinease call the foreigners?

In historical contexts, the Chinese often referred to foreigners as "laowai" (老外), which translates to "old outsider" or "foreigner." This term is commonly used in modern China as well. Additionally, during the Qing Dynasty, foreigners were sometimes referred to as "yangren" (洋人), meaning "ocean people" or "Westerners." These terms reflect the perception of outsiders in different historical periods.