Do directors have to be shareholders?

No, directors do not have to be shareholders in a company, although this can vary depending on the jurisdiction and the specific company's bylaws. In many cases, companies allow individuals who are not shareholders to serve as directors, focusing instead on their qualifications and expertise. However, some companies may prefer or require directors to have a stake in the company to align their interests with those of the shareholders. Always check the relevant laws and regulations for specific requirements.