What is the name of the main pigment in the human body which determines our skin colour and hair colour?

The main pigment in the human body that determines skin and hair color is called melanin. Melanin is produced by specialized cells known as melanocytes and comes in different forms, primarily eumelanin (which gives a brown or black color) and pheomelanin (which imparts a red or yellow hue). The amount and type of melanin present in an individual's skin and hair contribute to their unique coloration.