What were the relative resources of the north and south in the US Civil war?

During the US Civil War, the North had significant advantages in resources, including a larger population (about 22 million compared to the South's 9 million, of which 3.5 million were enslaved people), more industrial capacity, and a more extensive railroad network for transportation. The North produced 97% of the nation's firearms and 90% of its gunpowder, which provided a logistical edge in supplying troops. In contrast, the South relied heavily on agriculture, particularly cotton, which limited its industrial output and infrastructure. This disparity in resources played a crucial role in the North's eventual victory.