What role does the stress hormone cortisol play during the stress response?

Cortisol, often referred to as the stress hormone, plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress by regulating various physiological processes. It helps mobilize energy by increasing glucose availability, enhances metabolic functions, and modulates immune responses, allowing the body to cope with perceived threats. Elevated cortisol levels also influence mood and cognitive functions, promoting alertness and focus during stressful situations. However, chronic high levels of cortisol can lead to negative health effects, including anxiety, depression, and weakened immune function.