Which focused on the maintenance of the open door policy in china?

The Open Door Policy in China, established in the late 19th century, aimed to ensure equal trading rights for all foreign nations and to prevent any single power from monopolizing Chinese trade. It was maintained through diplomatic negotiations and interventions, particularly by the United States, which sought to protect its commercial interests in China amidst the rising influence of European powers. The policy faced challenges, including domestic unrest and foreign encroachments, but it remained a key principle of U.S. foreign policy towards China until the rise of nationalism and the eventual establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949.