Would carving into a tree trunk kill it?

Carving into a tree trunk can potentially harm or even kill the tree, depending on the depth and extent of the carving. Trees have a protective layer called bark, which is essential for transporting nutrients and water. If the carving damages the cambium layer beneath the bark, it can disrupt these vital functions, leading to disease or death over time. However, superficial carvings may not have significant long-term effects on the tree's health.