Ethical codes regulating the conduct of research have been developed by?

Ethical codes regulating the conduct of research have been developed by various organizations, including the American Psychological Association (APA), the American Medical Association (AMA), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). These codes aim to ensure the integrity of research, protect the rights and welfare of participants, and promote responsible conduct among researchers. They typically address issues such as informed consent, confidentiality, and the handling of data. Additionally, institutional review boards (IRBs) play a crucial role in overseeing compliance with these ethical standards.