If i provide details of bank account but don't have a debit card for that account can the company take any money from that account without setting up a direct debit?

Yes.

A debit card is not related to a direct debit.

A direct debit is your authorisation to your bank to pay whatever amount is requested by whomever the direct debit is in favour of.... a utility company, a service provider or other business.... on a regular basis, usually monthly or yearly.

A debit card is a way of paying for individual transactions, on the spot, without using cash. The total can be deducted from your account when the card is processed by the trader.